Tomasz wrote a memoir about his father, Awantury na tle powszechnego ciążenia (Tantrums on the Background of the Universal Gravitation), which contain numerous personal details about Stanisław Lem. The Summa is notable for being a unique analysis of prospective social, cybernetic, and biological advances;[11] in this work, Lem discusses philosophical implications of technologies that were completely in the realm of science fiction at the time, but are gaining importance today—for instance, virtual reality and nanotechnology. Lem's books have been translated into over 40 languages and have sold over 45 million copies. [11] The experience of trying to push Czas nieutracony through the censors was one of the major reasons Lem decided to focus on the less-censored genre of science fiction. "Say, one country permits eating little children right before the eyes of crazed mothers", he wrote to Kandel in 1977, "and another permits eating absolutely anything, whereupon it turns out that the majority of people in that country eat shit. [11], In the late 1970s and early 1980s, Lem cautiously supported the Polish dissident movement, and started publishing essays in Paris-based Kultura. Stefan Zweig – Magallanes 431. [57] Lem himself was, however, critical of most of the screen adaptations, with the sole exception of Przekładaniec in 1968 by Andrzej Wajda. [52], Film critics have noted the influence of Andrei Tarkovsky's cinematic adaptation of Solaris on later science fiction films such as Event Horizon (1997)[53][54] and Christopher Nolan's Inception (2010).[55][56]. intentionally". This formal action was interpreted by some of the SFWA members as a rebuke for his stance,[40] and it seems that Lem interpreted it as such. The Polish Parliament declared 2021 Stanisław Lem Year. Since the film was intended to be a parody of American pulp science fiction shot in Eastern Europe, Stillman thought that it would be hilarious to hint at the writer whose works have nothing to do with little green men. "[38], Lem was awarded an honorary membership in the Science Fiction Writers of America (SFWA) in 1973. [51], A major character in the film Planet 51, an alien Lem, was named by screenwriter Joe Stillman after Stanisław Lem. [11] The following year sees another Tichy novel, Wizja lokalna,[11] and Golem XIV. A number of other dramatic and musical adaptations of his work exist, such as adaptations of The Astronauts (First Spaceship on Venus, 1960) and The Magellan Nebula (Ikarie XB-1, 1963). [11] The following year sees another Tichy novel, Wizja lokalna,[11] and Golem XIV. [11] Similarly, Prowokacja purports to review a (non-existing) Holocaust-themed work.[11]. [3][4][48] As of 2020[update], about 1.5 mln. 27 marca 2006 w Krakowie) – polski pisarz gatunku hard science fiction, filozof, futurolog oraz krytyk.. Jego debiutem książkowym była wydana w 1951 roku powieść Astronauci.Kolejne powieści fantastycznonaukowe jego autorstwa to: Obłok Magellana (1955), Eden (1959), Pamiętnik znaleziony w wannie … For Lem the world wasn’t divided between good and evil, but between bad and even worse." [11], From the late 1980s onwards, he tended to concentrate on philosophical texts and essays, published in Polish magazines (Tygodnik Powszechny, Odra, Przegląd, and others). [11] Going by the date of the finished manuscript, Lem's first book was a partly autobiographical novel Hospital of the Transfiguration (Szpital Przemienienia), finished in 1948. Lem never had a high opinion of American science fiction, describing it as ill-thought-out, poorly written, and interested more in making money than in ideas or new literary forms. [57] Lem himself was, however, critical of most of the screen adaptations, with the sole exception of Przekładaniec in 1968 by Andrzej Wajda. In these interviews Lem speaks about a range of issues rarely he rarely discussed previously. But at the same time I am firmly convinced that there are no absolutes, that everything is historical, and that you cannot get away from history. [37], He became increasingly critical of modern technology in his later life, criticizing inventions such as the Internet, which he said "makes it easier to hurt our neighbors. Dick alleged that Stanisław Lem was probably a false name used by a composite committee operating on orders of the Communist party to gain control over public opinion, and wrote a letter to the FBI to that effect. [3][4][5] Worldwide, he is best known as the author of the 1961 novel Solaris, which has been made into a feature film three times. Stephen Hawking – El universo en una cáscara de nuez 434. So it was, strictly speaking, only the Nazi legislation that brought home to me the realization that I had Jewish blood in my veins. [39] After his eventual American publication, when he became eligible for regular membership, his honorary membership was rescinded. [17] During the subsequent Nazi occupation (1941–1944), Lem's Jewish family avoided placement in the Nazi Lwów Ghetto, surviving with false papers. [11], In early 1980s literary critic and historian Stanisław Bereś conducted a lengthy interview with Lem, which was published in book format in 1987 as Rozmowy ze Stanisławem Lemem (Conversations with Stanisław Lem). Recently added | Z-Library. [78] Lem claimed that his IQ was tested at high school as 180. I knew that my ancestors were Jews, but I knew nothing of the Mosaic faith and, regrettably, nothing at all of Jewish culture. Stendhal – Rojo y Negro 433. Übersetzung von Kurt Kelm. [79], Lem was married to Barbara Lem née Leśniak until his death. [45] There were several attempts to explain Dick's act. [11] He did not take his final examinations on purpose, to avoid the career of military doctor, which he suspected could have become lifelong. Lem). [11] He would later recall:[11][18]. Stanisław Herman Lem (ur.12 lub 13 września 1921 we Lwowie, zm. 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Later in that decade, Lem published Pokój na Ziemi (1984) and Fiasco (1986), his last science fiction novel. The Summa is notable for being a unique analysis of prospective social, cybernetic, and biological advances;[11] in this work, Lem discusses philosophical implications of technologies that were completely in the realm of science fiction at the time, but are gaining importance today—for instance, virtual reality and nanotechnology. [11][24], 1965 saw the publication of The Cyberiad (Cyberiada) and of a short story anthology, The Hunt (Polowanie [pl]). SWFA, quoted on Lem's homepage", Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America, "The Literary Prize for the Refusal of Literary Prizes", "How to turn down a prestigious literary prize – a winner's guide to etiquette", "Philip K. Dick: A Visionary Among the Charlatans", "Philip K. Dick: Stanisław Lem is a Communist Committee", "Stanislaw Lem – Frequently Asked Questions. [22][24] Lem later criticized several of his early pieces as compromised by the ideological pressure. [71], Lem was a polyglot: he knew Polish, Latin (from medical school), German, French, English, Russian and Ukrainian. [11] This was followed by a collection of his essays and non-fiction prose, Wejście na orbitę (1962), and a short story anthology Noc księżycowa (1963). Stanisław Lem: Solaris. [12] In later years Lem sometimes claimed to have been raised Roman Catholic, but he went to Jewish religious lessons during his school years. "[38], Lem was awarded an honorary membership in the Science Fiction Writers of America (SFWA) in 1973. [80] Their only son, Tomasz, was born in 1968. Solaris is a 1961 philosophical science fiction novel by Polish writer Stanisław Lem.It follows a crew of scientists on a research station as they attempt to understand an extraterrestrial intelligence, which takes the form of a vast ocean on the titular alien planet.The novel is among Lem's best-known works. Solaris (Stanislaw Lem, 1961) Mundo Anillo (Larry Niven, 1970) Los propios dioses (Isaac Asimov, 1972) La paja en el ojo de Dios (Larry Niven y Jerry Pournelle, 1974) El nombre del mundo es Bosque (Ursula K. LeGuin, 1976) El juego de Ender (Orson Scott Card, 1985) Películas. [11] The following year, 1955, saw the publication of another science fiction novel, The Magellanic Cloud (Obłok Magellana). Dick alleged that Stanisław Lem was probably a false name used by a composite committee operating on orders of the Communist party to gain control over public opinion, and wrote a letter to the FBI to that effect. Dialogs and Summa Technologiae (1964) are Lem's two most famous philosophical texts. [25] 1959 saw the publication of three books: Eden, The Investigation (Śledztwo) and the short story anthology An Invasion from Aldebaran (Inwazja z Aldebarana). His essays and philosophical books cover these and many other topics. [22] In 1951, he published his first book, The Astronauts (Astronauci). Solaris was made into a film in 1968 by Russian director Boris Nirenburg, a film in 1972 by Russian director Andrei Tarkovsky—which won a Special Jury Prize at the Cannes Film Festival in 1972—and an American film in 2002 by Steven Soderbergh. Later in that decade, Lem published Pokój na Ziemi (1984) and Fiasco (1986), his last science fiction novel. [47] In 1976, Theodore Sturgeon wrote that Lem was the most widely read science fiction writer in the world. Stefan Zweig – Fouché 430. [11] In 1954, he published a short story anthology, Sezam i inne opowiadania [pl] [Sesame and Other Stories] . Lem said that since the success of Solidarność, and the collapse of the Soviet empire, he felt his wild dreams about the future could no longer compare with the reality. During later interviews in 2005, Lem expressed his disappointment with the genre of science fiction, and his general pessimism regarding technical progress. [76], Lem believed there were no absolutes; "I should wish, as do most men, that immutable truths existed, that not all would be eroded by the impact of historical time, that there were some essential propositions, be it only in the field of human values, the basic values, etc. [37], He became increasingly critical of modern technology in his later life, criticizing inventions such as the Internet, which he said "makes it easier to hurt our neighbors. [11] In 1964, Lem published a large work on the border of philosophy and sociology of science and futurology, Summa Technologiae, as well as a novel, The Invincible (Niezwyciężony). Services of language translation the ... An announcement must be commercial character Goods and services advancement through P.O.Box sys His essays and philosophical books cover these and many other topics. "[77], Lem was concerned that if the human race attained prosperity and comfort this would lead it to passiveness and degeneration. [11] In 1954, he published a short story anthology, Sezam i inne opowiadania [pl] [Sesame and Other Stories] . [11] In 1982, with martial law in Poland declared, Lem moved to West Berlin, where he became a fellow of the Institute for Advanced Study, Berlin (Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin). [34], Śledztwo and Katar are crime novels (the latter without a murderer); Pamiętnik... is a psychological drama inspired by Kafka. [11], Lem became truly productive after 1956, when the de-Stalinization period in the Soviet Union led to the "Polish October", when Poland experienced an increase in freedom of speech. To zresztą przekleństwo Lema: działał w ramach gatunku, który w pewnym momencie stracił aspiracje. Translating his works is difficult due to Lem's elaborate neologisms and idiomatic wordplay. Only in West Germany was Lem really a critical and a commercial success [... and everywhere ...] in recent years interest in him has waned. [81], As of 1984, Lem's writing pattern was to get up a short time before five in the morning and start writing soon after, for 5 or 6 hours before taking a break. [45], Lem is one of the most highly acclaimed science fiction writers, hailed by critics as equal to such classic authors as H. G. Wells and Olaf Stapledon. Verlag Volk und Welt, Berlin 1983, ISBN 3-7464-0149-6. [11] It would be published seven years later, in 1955, as a part of the trilogy Czas nieutracony (Time Not Lost). Stanislaw Lem – Solaris 427. In the mid-80s due to health problems he stopped smoking. Stanisław Lem: Did the Holocaust Shape His Sci-Fi World? 2011 – An interactive Google logo inspired by. Ezra Glinter, The World According to Stanislaw Lem, "Don't Believe Everything That You Know About Lem" (interview with Lem), Nurt #8 (1972), as quoted in, collection of reviews of non-existent books, drowns people in a glut of low-quality information, List of works by Stanisław Lem and their adaptations, communication between profoundly alien beings, collections of reviews of and introductions to non-existent books, Microworlds: Writings on Science Fiction and Fantasy, Lem's attacks on American science fiction, A number of other dramatic and musical adaptations, List of honors bestowed on Stanisław Lem, Austrian State Prize for European Literature, Medal for Merit to Culture – Gloria Artis, "Przyczynek do biografii Stanisława Lema", "Stanislaw Lem 1921 – 2006. [11][22] They were later collected in a number of anthologies. Lem). Stefan Zweig – Erasmo de Rotterdam, Triunfo y Tragedia 429. [52], Film critics have noted the influence of Andrei Tarkovsky's cinematic adaptation of Solaris on later science fiction films such as Event Horizon (1997)[53][54] and Christopher Nolan's Inception (2010).[55][56]. [24] His writing over the next three decades or so was split between science fiction and essays about science and culture. [49], Franz Rottensteiner, Lem's former agent abroad, had this to say about Lem's reception on international markets:[50].
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