Later in that decade, Lem published Pokój na Ziemi (1984) and Fiasco (1986), his last science fiction novel. Lem had initially held a low opinion of Philip K. Dick (as he did for the bulk of American science fiction) and would later say that this was due to a limited familiarity with Dick's work, since Western literature was hard to come by in Communist Poland. Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag (dtv), München 1983, ISBN 3-423-10177-6. [11] This was followed by a collection of his essays and non-fiction prose, Wejście na orbitę (1962), and a short story anthology Noc księżycowa (1963). Solaris was made into a film in 1968 by Russian director Boris Nirenburg, a film in 1972 by Russian director Andrei Tarkovsky—which won a Special Jury Prize at the Cannes Film Festival in 1972—and an American film in 2002 by Steven Soderbergh. [58], Lem's early works were socialist realist, possibly to satisfy state censorship,[70] and in his later years he was critical of this aspect of them. [58], Lem's early works were socialist realist, possibly to satisfy state censorship,[70] and in his later years he was critical of this aspect of them. But at the same time I am firmly convinced that there are no absolutes, that everything is historical, and that you cannot get away from history. With [number of translations and copies sold], Lem is the most successful author in modern Polish fiction; nevertheless his commercial success in the world is limited, and the bulk of his large editions was due to the special publishing conditions in the Communist countries: Poland, the Soviet Union, and the German Democratic Republic). Lem's critical success in English is due mostly to the excellent translations of Michael Kandel. [37], He became increasingly critical of modern technology in his later life, criticizing inventions such as the Internet, which he said "makes it easier to hurt our neighbors. He studied physics and mathematics at the University of Vienna, and graduated with a degree in physics from Princeton University. [24] His writing over the next three decades or so was split between science fiction and essays about science and culture. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. [11] After that, he settled in Vienna. Lem singled out only one[44] American science fiction writer for praise, Philip K. Dick, in a 1984 English-language anthology of his critical essays, Microworlds: Writings on Science Fiction and Fantasy. O Stanisławie Lemie, patronie tego roku, opowiada prof. Stanisław Bereś z Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego", "Israeli Polish coproduction 'The Congress' to Open Director's Fortnight in Cannes", Medal Gloria Artis dla twórców i działaczy kultury, Science Fiction Studies #40 = Volume 13, Part 3 = November 1986, Article Abstracts, "UCHWAŁA NR VIII/122/07 Rady Miasta Krakowa z dnia 14 marca 2007 r. w sprawie nazw ulic. [16], After the 1939 Soviet occupation of Eastern Poland, he was not allowed to study at Lwow Polytechnic as he wished because of his "bourgeois origin", and only due to his father's connections he was accepted to study medicine at Lwów University in 1940. Stendhal – Rojo y Negro 433. Stefan Zweig – Magallanes 431. [11] He did not take his final examinations on purpose, to avoid the career of military doctor, which he suspected could have become lifelong. The book also includes Swirski's translation of Lem's retrospective essay "Thirty Years Later", devoted to Lem's nonfictional treatise Summa Technologiae. Stanisław Lem: Solaris. [11], From the late 1980s onwards, he tended to concentrate on philosophical texts and essays, published in Polish magazines (Tygodnik Powszechny, Odra, Przegląd, and others). [11] Similarly, Prowokacja purports to review a (non-existing) Holocaust-themed work.[11]. [11] Between 1948 and 1950 Lem was working as a scientific research assistant at the Jagiellonian University, and published a number of short stories, poems, reviews, etc., particularly at Tygodnik Powszechny. [3][4][5] Worldwide, he is best known as the author of the 1961 novel Solaris, which has been made into a feature film three times. Many of his science fiction stories are of satirical and humorous character. Verlag Volk und Welt, Berlin 1983, ISBN 3-7464-0149-6. [11] In 1980, he published another set of reviews of non-existent works, Prowokacja. [11] In 2013, the Israeli–Polish co-production The Congress was released, inspired by Lem's novel The Futurological Congress. Stefan Zweig – María Antonieta 432. Stanisław Lem: Solaris. [46][45] Also it was suggested that Dick was under the influence of strong medications, including opioids, and may have had experienced a "slight disconnect from reality" some time before writing the letter. [23] [27], Lem's prose show a mastery of numerous genres and themes.[11]. During later interviews in 2005, Lem expressed his disappointment with the genre of science fiction, and his general pessimism regarding technical progress. Tomasz wrote a memoir about his father, Awantury na tle powszechnego ciążenia (Tantrums on the Background of the Universal Gravitation), which contain numerous personal details about Stanisław Lem. In the mid-80s due to health problems he stopped smoking. I knew that my ancestors were Jews, but I knew nothing of the Mosaic faith and, regrettably, nothing at all of Jewish culture. Will Wright's popular city-planning game SimCity was partly inspired by Lem's short story The Seventh Sally. * - Main goods are marked with red color . [11] In 1954, he published a short story anthology, Sezam i inne opowiadania [pl] [Sesame and Other Stories] . Deutsch von Irmtraud Zimmermann-Göllheim. [11] The following year sees another Tichy novel, Wizja lokalna,[11] and Golem XIV. [11], Lem became truly productive after 1956, when the de-Stalinization period in the Soviet Union led to the "Polish October", when Poland experienced an increase in freedom of speech. During later interviews in 2005, Lem expressed his disappointment with the genre of science fiction, and his general pessimism regarding technical progress. [8] He was the son of Sabina née Woller (1892–1979) and Samuel Lem [note 1] (1879–1954), a wealthy laryngologist and former physician in the Austro-Hungarian Army,[10][11] and first cousin to Polish poet Marian Hemar (Lem's father's sister's son). [25] 1959 saw the publication of three books: Eden, The Investigation (Śledztwo) and the short story anthology An Invasion from Aldebaran (Inwazja z Aldebarana). [17] During the subsequent Nazi occupation (1941–1944), Lem's Jewish family avoided placement in the Nazi Lwów Ghetto, surviving with false papers. [11] It would be published seven years later, in 1955, as a part of the trilogy Czas nieutracony (Time Not Lost). [79], Lem was married to Barbara Lem née Leśniak until his death. In the mid-80s due to health problems he stopped smoking. [12] In later years Lem sometimes claimed to have been raised Roman Catholic, but he went to Jewish religious lessons during his school years. "Say, one country permits eating little children right before the eyes of crazed mothers", he wrote to Kandel in 1977, "and another permits eating absolutely anything, whereupon it turns out that the majority of people in that country eat shit. Stanisław Herman Lem (Polish: [staˈɲiswaf ˈlɛm] (); 12/13 September 1921 – 27 March 2006) was a Polish writer of science fiction and essays on various subjects, including philosophy, futurology, and literary criticism.Many of his science fiction stories are of satirical and humorous character. Stefan Zweig – Erasmo de Rotterdam, Triunfo y Tragedia 429. [6] In Poland, in the 1960s and 1970s, Lem remained under the radar of mainstream critics, who dismissed him as a "mass market", low-brow, youth-oriented writer; such dismissal might have given him a form of invisibility from censorship. [82], Lem was an aggressive driver. Translating his works is difficult due to Lem's elaborate neologisms and idiomatic wordplay. SWFA, quoted on Lem's homepage", Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America, "The Literary Prize for the Refusal of Literary Prizes", "How to turn down a prestigious literary prize – a winner's guide to etiquette", "Philip K. Dick: A Visionary Among the Charlatans", "Philip K. Dick: Stanisław Lem is a Communist Committee", "Stanislaw Lem – Frequently Asked Questions. E. Tuzow-Lubański, "Spotkanie ze Stanisławem Lemem", "you cannot conceive of your neighbors from the stars in any connection other than a civilizational one," p91, Golem XIV, Imaginary Magnitude, "the obstinacy of your antropocentrism," p55, Golem XIV, Imaginary Magnitude, "uncertain zigzags of the evolutionary game", p85, Golem XIV, Imaginary Magnitude, Christopher Priest, Introduction, The Cyberiad: Fables for the Cybernetic AgeLem. The book jacket says Tomasz works as a translator and has a daughter, Anna. Deutsch von Irmtraud Zimmermann-Göllheim. E. Tuzow-Lubański, "Spotkanie ze Stanisławem Lemem", "you cannot conceive of your neighbors from the stars in any connection other than a civilizational one," p91, Golem XIV, Imaginary Magnitude, "the obstinacy of your antropocentrism," p55, Golem XIV, Imaginary Magnitude, "uncertain zigzags of the evolutionary game", p85, Golem XIV, Imaginary Magnitude, Christopher Priest, Introduction, The Cyberiad: Fables for the Cybernetic AgeLem. [52], Film critics have noted the influence of Andrei Tarkovsky's cinematic adaptation of Solaris on later science fiction films such as Event Horizon (1997)[53][54] and Christopher Nolan's Inception (2010).[55][56]. [51], A major character in the film Planet 51, an alien Lem, was named by screenwriter Joe Stillman after Stanisław Lem. He loved sweets (especially halva and chocolate-covered marzipan), and did not give them up even when, toward the end of his life, he fell ill with diabetes. Lem had initially held a low opinion of Philip K. Dick (as he did for the bulk of American science fiction) and would later say that this was due to a limited familiarity with Dick's work, since Western literature was hard to come by in Communist Poland. Dialogs and Summa Technologiae (1964) are Lem's two most famous philosophical texts. Solaris is a 1961 philosophical science fiction novel by Polish writer Stanisław Lem.It follows a crew of scientists on a research station as they attempt to understand an extraterrestrial intelligence, which takes the form of a vast ocean on the titular alien planet.The novel is among Lem's best-known works. [11] and have sold over 45 million copies. + yüksek bir duvardan kafa aşağı ablaca düşürülmek. Lem's criticism of most science fiction surfaced in literary and philosophical essays Science Fiction and Futurology and interviews. [11], In the late 1970s and early 1980s, Lem cautiously supported the Polish dissident movement, and started publishing essays in Paris-based Kultura. [22], In 1957, he published his first non-fiction, philosophical book, Dialogues, as well as a science fiction anthology, The Star Diaries (Dzienniki gwiazdowe),[11] collecting short stories about one of his most popular characters, Ijon Tichy. [11] Going by the date of the finished manuscript, Lem's first book was a partly autobiographical novel Hospital of the Transfiguration (Szpital Przemienienia), finished in 1948. In these interviews Lem speaks about a range of issues rarely he rarely discussed previously. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stanisław_Lem&oldid=1006807671, Recipients of the Order of Polonia Restituta (1944–1989), Recipients of the Order of the Banner of Work, CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown, Articles with German-language sources (de), Articles with dead external links from December 2017, Articles with permanently dead external links, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2020, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2020, Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia, Wikipedia articles with BIBSYS identifiers, Wikipedia articles with CANTIC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz identifiers, Wikipedia articles with PLWABN identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SNAC-ID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with Trove identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with multiple identifiers, Беларуская (тарашкевіца)‎, Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Barbara Leśniak (1953–2006; his death; 1 child), 1957 – City of Kraków's Prize in Literature (, 1965 – Prize of the Minister of Culture and Art, 2nd Level (, Prize of the Minister of Foreign Affairs for popularization of Polish culture abroad (, Literary Prize of the Minister of Culture and Art (, 1976 – State Prize 1st Level in the area of literature (, 1972 – member of commission "Poland 2000" of the, 1986 – the whole issue (#40 = Volume 13, Part 3) of. [11] His works were widely translated abroad, appearing in over 40 languages. "Lem may have been critical of the Soviet Union, but that didn’t mean he had a positive view of the West. [11] Going by the date of the finished manuscript, Lem's first book was a partly autobiographical novel Hospital of the Transfiguration (Szpital Przemienienia), finished in 1948. The book has been adapted numerous times for film, radio, and … [11] In 1964, Lem published a large work on the border of philosophy and sociology of science and futurology, Summa Technologiae, as well as a novel, The Invincible (Niezwyciężony). [22] In 1951, he published his first book, The Astronauts (Astronauci). [11], Lem became truly productive after 1956, when the de-Stalinization period in the Soviet Union led to the "Polish October", when Poland experienced an increase in freedom of speech. He returned to Poland in 1988. [23] Only in West Germany was Lem really a critical and a commercial success [... and everywhere ...] in recent years interest in him has waned. During that time, Lem earned a living as a car mechanic and welder,[11] and occasionally stole munitions from storehouses (to which he had access as an employee of a German company) to pass them on to the Polish resistance. I knew that my ancestors were Jews, but I knew nothing of the Mosaic faith and, regrettably, nothing at all of Jewish culture.
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